Rabu, 27 Maret 2013
Simple Present Tense
Digunakan untuk menjelaskan peristiwa
yang terjadi pada saat sekarang dalam bentuk sederhana atau pekerjaan yang
dilakukan berulang-ulang yang tidak ada berhubungan dengan waktu.
Pola kalimat :
(+) Subyek + Kata kerja I + s/es
(-) Subjek + do/does + Kata kerja I
(?) Do/does + Subyek + Kata kerja I
Pemakaian :
a. Menyatakan suatu kegiatan rutin atau
kebiasaab sehari-hari
1. She always gets up early
2. They visit to the library twice a week
3. He always eats a sandwich for lunch
b. Menyatakan kebenaran mutlak
1. The sun rises the east
2. Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen
3. Most animals kill only for food
4. The world is round
Present Continuous Tense
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan yang sedang berlangsung atau suatu peristiwa yang sedang terjadi pada
saat kita bicara
Pola kalimat :
(+) S + am/is/are + KK-I + ing
(-) S + am/is/are + not + KK-I + ing
(?) am/is/are +not + KK-I +ing
a. Dalam kalimat positif
1. The passengers are sitting calmly in the bus
2. She is walking to school now
3. We are studying English in the classroom
b. Dalam kalimat negative
1. Tuti and Andi are singing a song
2. My fathe is not watching television at present
3. She is not walking to school now
Present Perfect Tense
a. Pola kalimat nomial 1
S + has/have + KK-III
1. I have read this magazine for a day
2. She has already gone to Makassar for ten days
3. They have passed their examination
4. He has done his homework for one hour
5. We have studied she project for two weeks
b. Pola kalimat nominal 2
S + has/have + been + complement
1. My younger brother has been enthuniastic to learn English since two
weeks ago
2. They have been here since Sunday
3. She has been seventeen years old since January
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Menyatakan suatu perbuatan/peristiwa
yang sudah mulai dilakuakn/terjadi di waktu lampau dan masih terus berlangsung
Pola Kalimat
(+) S + have/has + been + KK-I + ing
(-) S + have/has + not + been + KK-I +
ing
(?) have/has + S + been + KK-I + ing
1. (+) He has been learning English since seven o’clock
(-) He has not been learning English
since seven o’clock
(?) Has been learning English since
seven o’clock ?
2. (+) I have been studying for five hours
(-) I have not been studying for five
hours
(?) Have I been studying for five hours
?
3. (+) They have been living here for two years
(-) They have not been ling here for two
years
(?) Have they been living here for two
years?
Simple Past Tense
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan yang telah dilakuakan atau untuk menggambarkan suatu kejadian yang
sudah terjadi pada saat tertentu di waktu lampu
a. Kalimat positif
S + KK-II + Keterangan waktu
1. I
studied English last night
2. You
bought a book yesterday
3. They
went to Malang last week
b. Kalimat negartif
S + did + not + KK-I + Keterangan waktu
1. I
did not study English last night
2. She
did not play bandminton a week ago
3. He
did not eat yesterday
c. Kalimat interrogative
Did + S + KK-I + Keterangan waktu
1. Did
you study French last night ?
2. Did
I buy a pencil yesterday ?
3. Did
they go to Surabaya last month ?
d.
Kalimat interrogative dengan question words (qw)
qw
+ did + S + KK-I + keterangan waktu
1. Who
did you meet last night ?
2. What
time did you come this morning ?
3. Why
did you come late ?
Past Continuous tense
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
kegiatan yang sedang terjadi pada saat tertentu di waktu yang lampau
(+) S + was/were + KK-I + ing
(-) S + was/were + not + KK-I + ing
(?) was/were + S + KK-I + ing
1. (+) I was studying at seven o’clock last niht
(-) I was nit studying at o’clock last
night
(?) Was I studying at seven o’clock last
night?
2. (+) They were doing their duty last week
(-) They were not doing their duty last
week
(?) Were they doing their duty last
week?
3. (+) she was learning English yesterday
(-) She was not learning English
yesterday
(?) was she learning English yesterday?
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan atau peristiwa yang telah sedang berlangsung di waktu lampau
(+) S + had + been + KK-I + ing
(-) S + had + not been + KK-I + ing
(?) had + s + been + KK-I + ing
1. (+) We had been being very busy after we received many orders
(-) We had not been being very busy
after we received many orders
(?) Had we been being very busy after we
received many orders?
2. (+) I had been learning at Senior High School when my father died
(-) I had not been learning at Senior
High School when my father died
(?) Had I been learning at Senior High
School when my father died?
3. (+) He had been living in Jakarta for seven years when reformation began
(-) He had been living in Jakarta for
seven years when reformation began
(?) Had he been living in Jakarta for
seven years when reformation began?
Past Perfect Tense
Digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi telah selesai pada suatu titik di masa lalu sebelum aksi lainnya terjadi
(+) S + had + Verb-3/past participle
(-) S + had + not + Verb-3/past participle
(?) had + S + Verb-3/past participle
1. When he came last night, the cake had run out
2. The student had gotten a verbal warning before his parents were called
3. I had already had breakfast by the time he picked me up
4. Prior to the proclamation, Indonesia had been colonized by Japan for 3
years
5. I had read the book three times
6. They had met twice before married
7. He said that he had listened carefully the instruction
8. I thought he had changed to be better man
9. If he had taken a bath fast, he would have missed the train
10. Rina would been the same level with me if she had studied harder
Sumber : Laruhun Lamansu. 1999. Intisari
Bahasa Inggris SLTP. Jakarta : Poliyama.
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